![]() Changes in the mendu style resulted from the performers’ need to comply with new government directives. From 2004, when the province of the Riau Islands province separated from mainland Riau and achieved autonomy, the Natuna local government and commercial audiences gave mendu more prominence that eventually extended to the national level. ![]() From the late 1970s, a leading mendu theatre director allowed female performers to join the previously all-male cast on stage despite arousing controversy, thus contributing to changes in gender attitudes. The popularity of film, television, radio, and the cassette industries from the 1960s led to a decline in local audience attendance at live theatre shows. New kinds of audiences were added to the traditional village audiences since 1979 when the discovery of natural gas began to take effect among the people of Natuna. Radical changes in the performance practice of a Malay theatre form called mendu, located in the Natuna Islands in the South China Sea, have paralleled major socio-political change.
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